Pharmaceutical peptides offer targeted therapeutic effects due to their specificity in binding to receptors, diverse biological activities, and rapid degradation rates, which reduce the risk of toxicity. Despite their short half-lives, advancements in peptide synthesis enable large-scale production with high purity. Furthermore, their low immunogenicity enhances safety. Efforts to develop oral delivery methods aim to improve patient convenience, promising broader accessibility to peptide-based treatments. Peptide research is constantly evolving with ongoing efforts to enhance efficacy and broaden applications. As a result, these targeted therapeutics have great potential to revolutionize medical treatments and improve patient outcomes.